Supracondylar fracture of the humenus is the most common cause of elbow injury in children. Cubitus varus deformity often develops as a complication of malunion. 42 cases of the displaced extension type suparacondylar were treated with closed
reduction
and percutaneous pinning at the Department of Otrhopedic Surgery, kangnam General Hospital from Jan. 1983 to may, 1991.
@ES The results were summerized as follows;
@EN 1. The quality of reduction was determined on the anteroposterior radiograph of the elbow according to the pattern of restoration of smooth curvature of medial supracondylar ridge. We could classfy the quality of reduction into five types.
Type
I,
Smooth curvature of madial supracondylar ridge was restored completely as normal (31 cases). Type II, medial translation alone remained(2 cases). Type III, angulation remained(2 cased). Type IV, angulation and medial translation remained(2
cases).
Type
V, conversion from one type to another type, e.g. from Type I or II to Type III or IV during follow-up (2 cases).
2. Cubitus varus deformity developed in seven of 31 cases of Type I reduction and zero of 2 cases of Type II; three of 4 Type III; two of 2 Type V; and three of Type V reduction.
3. In spite of Type I reduction, cubitus varus deformity could develop more frequently when there was residual rotation (4 of 11 cases) as compared with those without residual rotation(3 of 20 cases).
4. We believe that restoration of smooth curvature of medial supracondylar ridge is a valid determinant in conjunction with the residual rotation to the the development of cubitus varus.
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